Temporalidad e historicidad del ser-ahí en Martin Heidegger

Abstract

The article examines the relationship between temporality and historicality in Martin Heidegger’s fundamental ontology, primarily as developed in Being and Time (1927). Its objective is to explore how Heidegger conceives human existence (Dasein) as a historical and temporal being whose openness to the world makes the understanding of Being possible. The author employs a phenomenological and hermeneutical methodology, grounded in textual analysis of Heidegger’s works and comparative references to Aristotle, Husserl, and modern commentators (Dastur, Biemel, Mitterpach). The study argues that historicality is not an empirical condition but an existential structure that grounds the possibility of historical knowledge. Javorská demonstrates that temporality is the ontological foundation of being-in-the-world and understanding, articulated through the three temporal ecstases: past (having-been), present (presence), and future (projection). The scope of this research lies in its contribution to the philosophy of time and in elucidating the human being as an entity open to becoming. The author concludes that the meaning of Being discloses itself only through authentic temporal experience.