COMPASSIONATE STEREOTYPES: EXAMINING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN AGEISM AND PERCEPTIONS OF ELDER VULNERABILITY
Palabras clave:
Edadismo, Estereotipos compasivos, Adultos mayores, GerontologíaResumen
El artículo examina la relación entre los estereotipos compasivos, el edadismo y las percepciones de vulnerabilidad en adultos mayores, con especial atención a su impacto en las actitudes y preferencias profesionales de estudiantes de trabajo social. A partir de un estudio empírico basado en encuestas aplicadas a 252 estudiantes de posgrado en trabajo social en Estados Unidos, el autor analiza si la representación de las personas mayores como frágiles y necesitadas de protección fomenta una mayor disposición a trabajar con esta población o, por el contrario, refuerza actitudes negativas. El marco teórico integra aportes de la psicología social sobre estereotipos, prejuicio y edadismo, así como estudios previos sobre la marginalización de los adultos mayores en los sistemas de salud y servicios sociales. Metodológicamente, el estudio emplea escalas validadas para medir actitudes negativas hacia los adultos mayores, percepciones de vulnerabilidad ante el delito e interés profesional por el campo de la gerontología. Los resultados muestran que, aunque los participantes perciben a los adultos mayores como especialmente vulnerables, dichas percepciones no se asocian con un mayor interés por trabajar con esta población. Asimismo, se identifica una relación inversa entre estereotipos compasivos y actitudes negativas explícitas, lo que sugiere que la compasión no necesariamente implica discriminación directa, pero tampoco promueve la acción profesional. El artículo concluye que los estereotipos compasivos pueden contribuir a la persistencia del edadismo de manera indirecta y que es necesario replantear la formación profesional para enfrentar los retos del envejecimiento poblacional.Descargas
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Derechos de autor 2013 Mark D. Olson
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